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Sequence of Tenses with "si" (if)

Si is usually only followed by 1) the present tenses 2) the imperfect  3) the  pluperfect.

It is only really followed by the future tense in the expression "I wonder if....." eg. I wonder if he will come

je me demande s'il viendra.

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It is worth learning the following "formulae" to use the correct tense for the first and second verb:

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si + present indicative + future

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si + imperfect + conditional 

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si + pluperfect + conditional perfect

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This is the same as English (note that unlike Spanish or Portuguese, French does not use the subjunctive after "si" expressions):

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If my brother comes to the party I will be happy (If + present + future)

If my brother came (were to come)  to the party I would be happy (If + imperfect + conditional)

If my brother had come to the party I would have been  happy (If + pluperfect  + conditional future)

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Examples:

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Si mon frère vient à la fête je serai content

Si le gouvernement change la loi il y aura des manifestations 

Si  tu veux je le ferai pour toi

 

Si mon frère venait à la fête je serais content

Si le gouvernement changeait  la loi il y aurait des manifestations 

Si  tu voulais je le ferais pour toi

 

Si mon frère était venu à la fête j'aurais été content

Si le gouvernement avait changé la loi il y aurait eu des manifestations 

Si  tu l'avais voulu je l'aurais fait pour toi

 

Note 1:

The "formula" might be inverted

Future +si + present indicative - Je serai content si mon frère vient à la fête

Conditional + si + imperfect   -   il y aurait des manifestations si le gouvernement changeait  la loi

Conditional perfect + si + pluperfect subjunctive - Je l'aurais fait pour toi si  tu l'avais voulu

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Note 2:

The continuous future is an alternative to the simple future:

Si mon frère vient à la fête je vais être content

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Try these exercises:

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